When can you declare a teaching to be heresy or a person to be a heretic? This depends on understanding the difference between heresy, orthodoxy, and heterodoxy, which the article fleshes out.

Recent studies have recast our understanding of Roman religion and led us to appreciate both its diversity and unity.

This article looks at the crucial connection between the preservation of orthodoxy and the training of leaders from one generation to the next. The author calls the present generation to invest a legacy of orthodoxy in the coming generation.

Looking at the Council of Chalcedon, this article shows how this council was able to clarify the Apollinarianism, Nestorianism, and the Eutychianism in the controversy on the human and divine nature of Christ. Though these heresies dated before Chalcedon, the author shows that heresy is necessary as it helps to advance orthodoxy.