What is justification? It is God crediting the righteousness of Christ to us.

Thielman is convinced that if one is to understand how justification functions in Paul's writings, one needs to understand how the righteousness language functions in Romans 1:17. He argues in this article that part of the reason for the volatile interpretive history of this verse is that the phrase is polyvalent. He further argues that the "righteousness of God” has three meanings in Romans 1:17.

This article speaks about how sinners receive justification with God only through faith in Jesus Christ. The author describes what it means that we are justified through grace alone.

Are we justified because we associate with certain people? This article looks at justification by faith, our association with Jesus Christ, our association with the church and the lordship of Jesus Christ.

Justification seeks to express the biblical truth that the supreme Judge, who is perfectly righteous, declares that we are in perfect harmony with his law. This is the legal standing of those who believe in Christ.

This article offers some reflections on how the New Testament views salvation and justification. It first notes the common ground in Roman Catholic and evangelical views of salvation.

This is an entry in a theological dictionary on justification by faith.

How can you be justified now and forever? How can you be sustained in that state and not fall away? How does justification relate to the believer’s present and ongoing life?

This article is on the principles of the doctrine of justification as found in the writings of Paul and James.

What do we mean when we confess that justification is by faith in Christ? This article raises ten things you need to know to understand what justification by faith is.

Does the Old Testament teach the doctrine of justification by faith alone? This article looks at the example of Abraham from Romans 4:21-22 to answer this question.

The biblical teaching on imputation can be summarized as follows: Adam's sin was imputed to all humanity, the sins of the elect imputed to Christ, and Christ's righteousness imputed to the elect.

This article considers how Romans 3:24-26 and Hebrews 9:14-15 contribute to the doctrine of justification.

Justification is by faith alone. What is the nature of justifying faith? This article explains that the nature of saving faith is one that turns away from itself. It is faith in Christ.

Why is justification by faith alone important? The doctrine kills pride, gives assurance, and makes the Christian life possible.

This article discusses the implications that the resurrection of Christ has for our justification.

How is justification possible? This article demonstrates that the biblical ground for justification is found in the perfect righteousness of Jesus Christ and his perfect satisfaction on the cross.

This article outlines the different views on justification that divide the Reformed and Catholics.

What is justification? Luke 18:9-14 sheds light on what is justification, how are we justified, and the reason why justification is important.

The judicial act of God pardoning sinners and declaring them righteous for Jesus's sake is justification. This article explains the relationship between judgement day and justification.

This article shows that in speaking about justification by faith, the Reformers addressed three things: the need for justification, the means to it, and the meaning of it. Then it shows how this view can be distorted.

In the emergence of the Reformation, it became necessary for the reformers to qualify certain words in order to distinguish their understanding of the gospel from that of the Roman Catholic Church. This article discusses the qualification of the doctrine of justification.

This article shows that justification is rooted in the work of Christ, through which the believer receives forgiveness of sins, imputed righteousness, and a clear conscience before God.

This article shows that the doctrine of justification rests on Christ's righteousness imputed to us.

What is justification? What is justification by faith? What is the 'other' justification by faith? In the real justification by faith, you have faith in what Christ has done for you. In the false version, you have faith in what you do for yourself. In whom do you put your faith?

This article is about the necessity and grounds of justification. Why do we need to be justified, and upon what basis are we justified?

What do Paul and James say about justification by faith? Paul clearly places the doctrine of justification by faith without works at the heart of the gospel. James and the other leaders in Jerusalem agreed with him. But if James taught the same doctrine as Paul, how can he speak as he does in James 2? This article provides an exegesis of this text and its doctrine.

The most basic question facing each individual is: How can I be right with God? This article answer this question by pointing to Christ. Righteousness and justification can only be found in Christ.

Why was the teaching of justification so important to John Calvin? For Calvin, justification and sanctification are both found in Christ and are inseparable. Justification allows for assurance of salvation, and includes the continual forgiveness of sins. The gift of justification is our only hope in facing judgment day.

Both the Old and New Testament proclaim the message of justification in Christ through faith, which result in good works.

Jesus Christ is all we need for justification before God. Jesus has provided substitutionary atonement and righteousness for us. The author also discusses Galatians 2:20.

This article is about justification by faith alone and through grace alone. The author also discusses the relation of faith and merit, law and grace, law and gospel, and justification and sanctification.

This article is about the supreme court of the universe - the judgment throne of God. It is important that we recognize that 'justify' and 'justification' are legal terms; they concern each Christian's relationship with God as Judge. Justification includes forgiveness of sins and being made righteous through the work of Christ.

Looking at Calvin's commentary on Ezekiel 18:17, this article discusses the topics of faith, good works, and justification.

This article sees the work of Campbell as a sustained attack against traditional understandings of justification, and in particular the understanding of Romans 1-Romans 4. This review gives special attention to Campbell's own exegesis and finds merit in much of it, but at the key points deems it unacceptable.

For the doctrine of justification by faith alone to be understood, it must be seen within the wider context of the gospel. This article therefore first answers the question, "What is the gospel?" and then tries to explain what both justification and faith are.

Justification does not contradict sanctification. In fact justification fuels sanctification leading to good works. This article argues that this is how the Reformers understood the relationship between justification and sanctification.

This article considers the Protestant saying, "justification by faith alone," especially the nature of justifying faith. The author explains that faith is an act but not a work, yet is never without work. The author also reflects in the sense in which justification can be said to be of works. Finally, the issue of the works of faith that merit reward as indicated in Scripture is also discussed.

Spurgeon begins by defining what justification is, and how it can be distinguished from sanctification. Further, he argues that there must be proper grounds for justification. Then there must also be a means for man to have access to this justification. Finally, this justification when accessed should be manifest.

In this review of the theology of Charles Finney, the author focuses on his doctrine of justification. He takes note of Finney’s strange teaching that justification is a governmental pardon and not a judiciary acquittal. There are also multiple conditions for justification, according to Finney, and not simply faith as the Protestants claim. His view of atonement undermines the centrality of the cross of Christ as the one single act of God in atoning for sin.

This is a review article of the influential The Deliverance of God: An Apocalyptic Rereading of Justification in Paul by Douglas A. Campbell. Moo mainly interacts with what he sees as Campbell's fierce attack on Paul's theology of justification.

Ortlund wants to address what he sees as a friction between the two themes in Paul's letters of justification by faith and judgment according to works. He evaluates ways in which scholars reconcile the two themes. He also want to call attention to a number of neglected factors in the discussion.

In this article, the author provides an overview of the meaning and significance of the doctrine of justification by faith and describes its function within the late twentieth century ecumenical context.

Silva's primary purpose in this essay is to focus on the question of how and why the apostle Paul brings these specific Old Testament quotations together as he does in Galatians 3:6-14. In the process he presents an exegesis of the passage and reflects upon the hermeneutics involved in the New Testament's use of the Old.

Looking at the doctrine of justification, this article argues for the use of theological imagination in helping us to understand this doctrine. Literature that portrays biblical themes may be useful in helping us to understand the written word of scripture.

This article discusses the meaning of the word 'justification'. The Roman Catholic Church uses the word justification when speaking about the increase of moral righteousness. However, the word is actually used in scripture in a forensic way - God declaring us righteous in Christ.

Tasker gives an overview of where and how the doctrine of justification by faith functions in Paul's letter to the Romans.

Bruce gives a short survey of the function of the doctrine of justification by faith in the Gospels, Acts, and the non-Pauline writings.

This article examines an important document that functions in Anglican-Roman Catholic relations. The document was produced by ARCIC, i.e., the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission. Their statement on salvation and the church was generally received with little criticism.

According to this article, a shift has occurred in how justification is viewed. The rise of the so-called New Perspective on Paul led to justification being viewed more in corporate terms. What is the place of the individual in Paul's view of justification? Hassler believes that the case that Paul was not really interested in “inner tensions of individual souls and consciences” has been overstated.

Bird participates in the debate between John Piper and N. T. Wright on a biblical understanding of justification by faith. He looks at five points of contention between Piper and Wright. Bird tries to establish a modified Reformed view that can function as a middle way between the two.

In this article N. T. Wright responds to critical questions on his view on justification by faith. For Wright justification is rooted firmly in Jesus himself. He has four preliminary considerations: the question of Scripture and tradition, the issue of Paul’s context and later contexts, the methodological issues of words and stories, and the understanding of Second Temple Judaism.

This article surveys the understanding of the doctrine of justification in church history, from the early church to the Reformation to today, with due consideration to the New Perspective on Paul as a modern-day aberration of the biblical teaching.

This article is about justification, how lost sinners share in the saving righteousness of God in Christ. Schreiner is in dialogue with N. T. Wright. First, Schreiner is convinced that Wright wrongly says that justification is primarily about ecclesiology instead of soteriology.

According to Bird, the central issue in current discussions with regard to the doctrine of justification is the topic of the imputation of the righteousness of Christ. Bird wants to, in dialogue with the main protagonists, seek a solution that corresponds with the biblical evidence. He first offers a short history of the doctrine of imputed righteousness since the Reformation.

This essay is concerned with R. C. Sproul's rendering of the positions of Martin Luther and John Calvin against Roman Catholic opponents. It reflects on Sproul's use of their exposition of justification by faith. The author believes that Sproul's usage is lacking.

What is the relationship between justification and the final judgment in Paul's writings? This article argues that the final judgment should be thought of in relation to the resurrection of Jesus.

This article considers the phrase "justification by faith," with special emphasis on the word "alone." The study starts with a historical perspective, noting the great controversy that the word stirred up between the Roman Catholic and the Reformers. Those who contended against the use of that small word state that the word  does not specifically occur with justification in Scripture, and therefore its use amounts to an addition to Scripture.

This article shows that the New Perspective on Paul in general, and the position of N.T. Wright in particular, are a significant departure from the traditional Reformed understanding of justification. It first offers points of appreciation, and then provides its critique.