Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullian
Christian Apologetics: Apologetics and The Gospel
Christian Apologetics: C.S. Lewis
A Mini Primer in Apologetics
Ready to Give Answers
Apologetics and Cornelius Van Til
Three Ways the Gospel Changes Apologetics
This article considers the manner in which Christians are to carry out their apologetics, according to 1 Peter 3:15.
One by One Helping Unbelievers Means being Sensitive to their Situations
Mercy for Doubters Apologetics, or Pre-evangelism, is a Form of Compassion
A Question of Understanding Why I teach Apologetics to Teenagers
"Apologies": What are Apologetics?
Is the Christian Faith Defensible? Two Suggested Methods to Win the War of Ideas
The Early Defenders of the Faith
Seven Reasons Why Apologetics Might Be Good
Is apologetics good? This article gives seven reasons why the discipline is good.
An Introduction to Christian Apologetics
What is apologetics? This article gives an introduction to apologetics by looking at its origin and purpose, as well as approaches to it, and then answers some objections to apologetics.
The Need for Apologetics
If apologetics is the discipline that deals with a rational defence of the Christian faith, then Christians must engage in it. For as the article explains, God commands it, the world needs it, and reason demands it. The article also answers objections to apologetics.
Have You Got the Whole Story?
In apologetics, it is important to show how Christ fits within the unfolding story of salvation from creation to new creation. This article gives an overview of the story from creation to the new creation, and explains how this story puts into perspective issues such as the reliability of the Bible, suffering, and pluralism.
Six Enemies of Apologetic Engagement
What is it that hinders Christians from engaging in apologetics? This article identifies six reasons that hinder Christians from witnessing.
What Is "Apologetics"?
What is apologetics? It is an activity of the Christian mind that attempts to show that the gospel message is true in its affirmations. This article discusses the difference between negative apologetics and positive apologetics. It also shows the necessity of apologetics for missions.
An Apologetic Armoury
This article explores different functions of apologetics in different contexts as a tool for evangelism.
Bahnsen on the Role of Reason
This article includes an excerpt from Greg Bahnsen's book Always Ready, in which he makes a case for using reason in our apologetics.
Apologetics Dialogue
This article is in the form of an apologetics dialogue, in which a Christian comes into confrontation with an atheist. The matters debated range from evolution, creationism, to presuppositional apologetics.
Apologetics – The Basics
Chapter 1 is an introduction to the basics of apologetics and in particular presuppositional apologetics associated with Cornelius van Til.
Christian Apologetics – Introduction
Edgar introduces his readers to the apologetics of Cornelius van Til, who was one of the original apologists of the twentieth century. His approach to apologetics has become known as presuppositionalism. Edgar further provides an overview of the most prominent characteristics of Van Til’s method of apologetics.
The Problem of Hippolytus of Rome: A Study in Historic-Critical Reconstruction
The life and literary activity of Hippolytus of Rome lead to a major debate in the middle of the 20th century in patristic scholarship. In this article that debate is surveyed and its relevance for apologetics is indicated.
Both/And: The Uncomfortable Apologetic
Apologetics and mission are closely related and can never be divorced. The essay wants to set parameters for all missiological endeavors.
Reasons for Faith – Reasons of Faith
What is the relation between faith and reason? Through giving an answer to this and other questions, Oliphint wants to provide a biblical foundation for apologetics. A discussion of John Calvin’s understanding of the twofold knowledge of God (Lat. duplex cognitio Dei) and awareness of divinity (Lat.
The Battle Belongs to the Lord – Introduction
Defending the faith (apologetics) has become a largely philosophical discipline. The Introduction wants to state a clear case for the role of revelation and Scripture in a Christian defence of the faith.
Edward John Carnell: An Evaluation of His Apologetics
Apologetics wants to present a defence of the faith, and it seeks to give compelling evidences on behalf of the gospel. This essay introduces the person and method of Edward Carnell who qualifies as one of the best known apologists of the twentieth century, and gives an evaluation of his position.
The Inadequacy of the New Evangelicalism and the Need for a New and Better Method
This article is written as a sympathetic confrontation with the New Evangelicalism. It explores the developments in modern apologetics, the so-called new method as it is reflected in New Evangelicalism, and it proposes its own apologetic method.
Revelation and Reason – Resurrection, Proof, and Presuppositionalism: Acts 17:30-31
What is the relationship between revelation and reason in apologetics? What is the role of revelation when biblical veracity itself is under attack? These concerns are major aspects of this chapter. The basic argument of this chapter is that the apostle Paul’s gospel of the resurrection functions as proof of final judgment in Acts 17:31.
How We Live Defending Our Faith
Polemic Theology: How to Deal with Those Who Differ from Us
Christians are called to contend earnestly for the faith (Jude 3). This is a form of apologetics. Nicole argues that there are three major questions we must ask when confronted with views with which Christians differ strongly: What do I owe the person who differs from me? What can I learn from the person who differs from me? How can I cope with the person who differs from me?
"Being Relevant"
Christian Apologetics: C.S. Lewis
Van Til's Critique of Human Thought
This article explains Cornelius van Til's method of critiquing human thought. Van Til used a method called transcendental critique, which seeks to get to the root of an individual's argument. Transcendental critique attempts to find out why an individual maintains a certain position. This technique can be useful for apologetics.
The Reason for Our Hope: Christ in Our Apologetics
Unapologetic Apologetics
Lamenting the death of apologetics as a subject in some seminaries, this article shows that presenting the Christian faith can be done through reasoning, although reasoning alone does not have the ability to convert anyone. The author calls for the use of affirmative apologetics.
Persuasion: Beyond the "Burp Effect"
Defending the use of persuasion as a method of apologetics, this article shows that persuasion takes into account both the one communicating the gospel and the one to whom it is communicated. Persuasion can be inoffensive without compromising the truth of the gospel.
How Should We Then Defend?
Using homosexuality and abortion as examples, this article shows how sin works to the point that vices become embraced as the norm. The author of this article encourages Christians to use the unreasonableness of sin as a foundation for apologetics.
Swimming in the Glorious Deep Blue Sea
This article discusses an objection raised against covenantal apologetics. The author states that reformed apologetics requires an affirmation of the absolute necessity of God's existence, and of the Bible as the self-attesting revelation of this God.
Recalcitrant Reason Requires a Firm Foundation
This article tackles the objection raised against convenantal apologetics which rejects scripture's self-authenticity. The author examines the claim that scripture requires a form of reason to establish its authenticity, and finds that looking for this outside scripture is to make man the authority.
A Hamster Wheel Floating
This article discusses the objection raised against covenantal apologetics which states that covenantal apologetics does not describe reason as the foundation of knowledge. This is the third and final article discussing this objection.
More Spalled Concrete
This article looks at an objection raised against covenantal apologetics. This objection against covenantal apologetics is found in the distinction between epistemology and ontology. This is the second of three articles discussing this objection.
God of the "Whats" and the "Hows"
This article discusses an objection raised against covenantal apologetics. This objection against covenantal apologetics is found in the distinction between epistemology and ontology, and focuses on the issue of the basis of knowledge. This is the first of three articles discussing this objection.
Around and Around We Go
This article discusses the objection to covenantal apologetics which states that covenantal apologetics employs circle reasoning.
The Accident of Two Legs
This article looks at the tenth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. Reformed apologetics is rooted in the knowledge that everything is a result of the sovereign plan and purpose of God.
Proofs, Persuasion And The Truth Problem
This article looks at the ninth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. The author of this article talks about how we should seek to persuade others when we practice apologetics.
The Problem of Theological Cataracts
This article looks at the eighth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. Due to the Fall into sin, individuals suppress the truth about God. The author of this article discusses this fact in relationship with the topic of apologetics.
Living in Wonderland or Lost in Wonder, Love and Praise
This article looks at the seventh tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. The author maintains that Christian theism is absolute truth, and anything opposing it is false. It is important to understand this when practicing apologetics.
Treading Through the Tenets: Of Metaphysics and Marriage
This article looks at the sixth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. The author discusses how there are two kinds of people: those who are in Christ, and those who are in Adam. This understanding of man's position is unique to Reformed apologetics, and has implications for the practice of apologetics.
Our Phlegmatic Façade
This article discusses the fifth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. Looking at the text of Romans 1:18-21, the author shows that all people know God, and this knowledge entails covenental obligations. The author discusses what this means in relation to apologetics.
Imaging the Image
This article looks at the fourth tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. The author discusses how man is created in the image of God, and what this means for doing apologetics.
Only Two Companies Hiring
This article looks at the third tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, written by Scott Oliphint. The effectiveness of apologetics is dependant on the work of the Word and the Holy Spirit in the individual.
Embracing Religious Contradictions to Proclaim Christ Crucified: Tolerance and Coexistence
Christians should practice religious tolerance and seek to gain knowledge about other belief systems? A better understanding of other religions will assist the Christian in evangelism and apologetics.
Treading Through the Tenets: Triunity
This article looks at the first tenet identified in Covenental Apologetics, by Scott Oliphint. The author discusses how apologetics starts with God and His revelation, highlighting creation and redemption as the work of the Triune God.
Nor The Heart of Man Imagined
An objection frequently raised against the existence of a good God is the existence of suffering and evil. This article shows that this objection has no grounds, because in scripture it is clear that evil and a good God do exist and that this existence is not incompatible. The author shows how through apologetics one can move from this objection to the heart of the gospel.
Making Faces
Satan can deceive us by making us think that our reasoning is independent of Christ and through this autonomy we are able to win people for Christ. This article shows that following such a path is to fall in the hands of the Satan and his craftiness. Apologetics and evangelism are only done in dependence on Christ.
Of Adamites and Aromas
The author of this article discusses where we stand in our covenant with God. Every individual is represented either in Adam or in Christ. This article relates this concept to the topic of apologetics.
The Bridge of Persuasion
How should we practice apologetics with unbelievers? This article discusses how we can share the gospel with those who remain dead in Adam instead of alive in Christ.
Crossing the Chasm
Holding to the absolute truth of the antithesis (that either one is in Adam or in Christ), this article shows that the antithesis should not hinder the practice of apologetics. The fact that all are created in the image of God creates room for the persuasion of apologetics.
All Other Ground is Sinking Sand
All forms of epistemology must appeal to some form of authority as their standing ground. This article shows that for Christians doing apologetics this standing ground is the Bible. There is no way of going beyond this foundation in evangelism.
Et Tu, Brute?
This article shows how the book of Jude serves as encouragement to do apologetics within the church.
The Eternal, Inextricable Link
This article shows how the link to the covenantal heads constitutes the antithetical view to life. Individuals are connected either to the first Adam or the second Adam - Christ Jesus. This connection shapes the practice of apologetics for Christians. The author discusses the antithesis from Romans 5:12-21.
Transcendental Meditation
Looking at the meaning of the term 'transcendental meditation', this article shows that Van Til used this term in apologetics to express the idea that the Christian faith alone is true.
Wholly Upon God
This article looks at the relationship between apologetics and the use of Scripture.
Who Knows?
This article looks at Romans 1:18 and its implication for apologetics. The author shows that what man denies about God says something about his knowledge of God.
Titus As Apologia: Grace For Liars, Beasts, And Bellies
This article shows that Titus was written as an apologetic letter. Looking at Titus 2:12, the author shows that it is through the church, which is a manifestation of God's grace as a new community, that a genuine pious, just and sober life can be found where words translate into actions. Christian lifestyle is a form of apologetics.
Augustine – Calvin – Van Til
The Role And Use Of Evidence In Reformed Presuppositional Apologetics (Part 2)
Looking at the relationship between positive apologetics and negative apologetics, this article shows that positive apologetics does not have room in the Christian faith since the word of God is self attesting, while negative apologetics on its own is not sufficient to stand the ground. The author of this article calls for offensive apologetics as a way of confronting unbelievers, since it has room for the use of evidence.
The Role And Use Of Evidence In Reformed Presuppositional Apologetics (Part 1)
Looking at the relationship between evidentialism and presuppositionalism and their views on the place of evidence in Christian apologetics, this article shows that dividing apologetics between the two schools does injustice to apologetics. The author maintains that the study of apologetics should be seen in light of salvation history, which can yield new possibilities for practicing apologetics.
Critique Of The Analytic / Synthetic Distinction
Looking at the division made in modern philosophy in the pursuit to discover truth, this article studies the relationship between analytical truth and synthetic truth. The author maintains that it is impossible to make a distinction between these two kinds of truth, and relates this to the topic of apologetics.
Science and Apologetics
Defending our Faith to the Man in the Street Evangelism and Apologetics
Van Til and Apologetics
The Absurdity of Life without God
Why I am a Presuppositionalist
The Value of Apologetics
Some Apologetical Meanderings
Apologia
Dr. Cornelius Van Til: The Centennial of His Birth
Common Misunderstandings of Van Til’s Apologetic 1
These articles are about Cornelis van Til's view of apologetics. Presuppositions and truth in apologetics are discussed, as well as theism, the autonomy of man, human reason and logic.
Telling People the Truth in Love
This article looks at the history of missions, problems in evangelism, the importance of knowing the gospel in missions, man-centered evangelism and God-centered evangelism, pre-evangelism or apologetics, and the context of evangelism.
Coming to Faith in the Gospel of John
Bowen explores the way in which John's Gospel describes the process of coming to faith. He considers the cases of the woman at the well, the crowd, the first disciples, Nicodemus and the blind man. Bowen argues that this gospel offers vital insights into people's journey to faith. This sheds light on contemporary understandings of evangelism and apologetics.
The Lost Art of Apologetics
This article is about apologetics and Scripture and philosophy. The author also looks at truth and the unbeliever, as well as apologetics (defending the faith) and evangelism.
To Capture the Imagination of Our Culture: Reflections on Christian Apologetics
In this article McGrath argues for the importance of apologetics in contemporary mission to a post-modern world. He also raises concerns about the weakness of much modern evangelical apologetics. Making use of the apostles’ speeches in Acts he highlights the importance of knowing our audience before showing the importance of theology in apologetics.
The Art of Apologetics in the Twenty-First Century
Wilkinson argues for a form of Christian apologetics which is not merely confrontation or defense on the intellectual level. He emphasizes a personal and holistic method and one which takes contemporary culture seriously.