When Christians face suffering, does it mean that God is punishing them? There is a difference between punishment and discipline, as this article explains.

The idea of the infinite magnitude of sin in God's estimation is compared to the magnitude of sin in its punishment. In doing this the author of the article engages the views and sermons of Jonathan Edwards who used particularly the theme of hell in his evangelistic sermons.

In this final article to the series, the author provides answers to more objections to the teaching of the existence of a separate state of souls between death and the resurrection. Predominant in these answers are the subjects of death, reward, and punishment.

This article focuses on the understanding of Augustine of hell. In his approach to the doctrine, he was concerned with the right perspective on the justice of God. The article also indicates how Augustine responded to attempts to tone down the nature or duration of hell. Next, the article gives an evaluation of Augustine's position and the role the demonic played in his views of sin and punishment.

If Christ received the punishment for the believer's sin, can God still punish the Christian for his sins? This article looks at the evidence of how God dealt with His people in the Bible. Then it shows that God does punish sins of Christians, hence Christians are called to live a life of repentance and fighting against sin.

The author reviews the publication by Steve Chalke and Alan Mann on their view of retributive justice. He rejects their views that the wrath of God and punishment have no place in the preaching of the gospel. The author emphasizes that the love of God is fully demonstrated in his giving his Son to die for us while we were yet sinners.

In this article the author shows that the struggle to accept that God allow people to go to hell is rooted in the refusal of accepting the biblical God. This article shows that man deserves to go to eternal punishment. At the same time, however, in Christ God showed how much He hates hell and gives heaven to those who trust in Christ, although they do not deserve it.

God's visitation of the fathers' sins on the children is never a simple punishment of innocent children for what the fathers did. The children are always guilty themselves of a sinful and rebellious life as the fathers' sins bear fruit in the lives of their children. (Exodus 20:5-6; Deuteronomy 5:9-10)