A crisis occurs when events come together to lead to a certain outcome, especially if it is a negative outcome. In Luke 22, Christ is swept away by events that follow each other quickly: Gethsemane, betrayal, arrest, trial, judgment and denial. The next chapter already tells us about his crucifixion, death, and burial.

Caught up in these awful events, our Messiah remained true to his calling. He was not a victim of circumstances, but a man with a mission. We see this also in the institution of the Lord’s Supper. He established this supper so that his people would also be visibly reminded of his great sacrifice.

The Messiah’s Last Supper with His Disciples⤒🔗

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¹Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, ²and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people.  ³Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve.  ⁴And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus.  ⁵They were delighted and agreed to give him money.  ⁶He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.
⁷Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed.  ⁸Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”
⁹“Where do you want us to prepare for it?” they asked.
¹⁰He replied, “As you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him to the house that he enters, ¹¹and say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ ¹²He will show you a large upper room, all furnished. Make preparations there.”
¹³They left and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.
¹⁴When the hour came, Jesus and his apostles reclined at the table.  ¹⁵And he said to them, “I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. ¹⁶For I tell you, I will not eat it again until it finds fulfillment in the kingdom of God.”
¹⁷After taking the cup, he gave thanks and said, “Take this and divide it among you. ¹⁸For I tell you I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.”
¹⁹And he took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.”
²⁰In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you. ²¹But the hand of him who is going to betray me is with mine on the table. ²²The Son of Man will go as it has been decreed, but woe to that man who betrays him.” ²³They began to question among themselves which of them it might be who would do this.
²⁴Also a dispute arose among them as to which of them was considered to be greatest.  ²⁵Jesus said to them, “The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them; and those who exercise authority over them call themselves Benefactors. ²⁶But you are not to be like that. Instead, the greatest among you should be like the youngest, and the one who rules like the one who serves. ²⁷For who is greater, the one who is at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who is at the table? But I am among you as one who serves. ²⁸You are those who have stood by me in my trials. ²⁹And I confer on you a kingdom, just as my Father conferred one on me, ³⁰so that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
³¹“Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift you as wheat. ³²But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.”
³³But he replied, “Lord, I am ready to go with you to prison and to death.”
³⁴Jesus answered, “I tell you, Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me.”
³⁵Then Jesus asked them, “When I sent you out without purse, bag or sandals, did you lack anything?”
“Nothing,” they answered.
³⁶He said to them, “But now if you have a purse, take it, and also a bag; and if you don’t have a sword, sell your cloak and buy one. ³⁷It is written: ‘And he was numbered with the transgressors’; and I tell you that this must be fulfilled in me. Yes, what is written about me is reaching its fulfillment.”
³⁸The disciples said, “See, Lord, here are two swords.”
“That is enough,” he replied. Luke 22:1-38

The Betrayal by Judas Iscariot (Luke 22:1-6)←⤒🔗

As we move along in Luke’s Gospel, the events begin that will lead to Golgotha. Chapter 22 deals mainly with the Passover, and ends with Christ’s arrest and trials before Pilate and Herod.

But first there is the account of Judas’ betrayal. We read that “the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus” (22:2). They had to be very careful, because they were afraid of the people. If they arrested Jesus in full daylight in or near the temple, the crowds would be in an uproar. The worst consequence would be that the Romans would quell the uprising and perhaps arrest the Jewish leaders in the process.

So there has to be another plan: to arrest Jesus by night, and have him handed over to Pilate the next day, already condemned. Before the masses really understood what was happening, Jesus would be executed.

They were tossing plans back and forth, not really finding a solution, when Judas comes into the meeting. Actually we read first that “Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve.” (22:3) The plan was really organized by Satan. Sometimes I have wondered why Satan would seek to have Jesus hung on the cross, for that would ensure the salvation of many people. Did Satan not know that Christ’s death would be the atoning sacrifice for our sins? Would he not rather prevent this death than promote it? This is a good question for further discussion. Satan’s plans do not always work out as he wants. There is no way he can act except to do that which is established in God’s council of salvation.

It is important that we recognise this, also in the shadow of the cross. I read somewhere that Satan wanted Jesus to hang because he thought that this was his only way to possible success. Perhaps a dying Jesus would curse God and come off the cross. But since we do not know from the text why Satan did this, we’d best leave that question unanswered.

What is clear is that Satan entered Judas, and found in him a willing partner (22:3). What was Judas’ motive? When Jesus was anointed by Mary with expensive nard, Judas was most disturbed that the nard was not sold and the money given to the poor (John 12). We find there that Judas was the keeper of the money bag into which he regularly dipped for his own benefit. In short, Judas was a thief, and somehow he would enrich himself at Jesus’ expense, if need be by betraying him.

Many writers and explainers suggest that we should not condemn Judas harshly, because he was convinced that things were going wrong and damage would be done to the people. Judas simply wanted things to calm down and perhaps bring Jesus and the Sanhedrin to a better understanding. In the rock opera “Jesus Christ Superstar” by Tim Rice and Lloyd Webber there is a song called “Judas’ Song” in which Judas explains that he did not want Jesus executed, but only wanted to prevent worse things.

This is against Scripture. Satan entered Judas because Judas clung to sin. Later the apostle Peter proposes the election of another apostle to take Judas’ place.  We also read there, “With the reward he got for his wickedness, Judas bought a field; there he fell headlong, his body burst open and all his intestines spilled out.” (Acts 1:15-18) We have no further particulars but from what we know it sounds like a horrible death.

Homiletical Horizons←⤒🔗

When we are confronted with Judas’ sin and death we are aghast. But God’s righteousness stands. It is important for us not to condemn Judas, but to “Be self-controlled and alert. Your enemy the devil prowls around like a roaring lion looking for someone to devour. Resist him, standing firm in the faith” (1 Peter 5:8,9).

We have great certainty that God has the first and last word in our lives. But Satan remains an arch-enemy as long as we are in this life. The devil is resistible. But we should then avoid places and things that tend to draw us away from Christ and his church. It is easy to overestimate your own strength and to underestimate the devil’s successes.

We can be most comforted in the truth that Satan has been defeated by our Saviour.

The Last Supper (Luke 22:7-38)←⤒🔗

We read already in 22:1 that the Feast of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching.  All that follows must be seen in the light of the Passover. Is Jesus not the Paschal Lamb who will be sacrificed for our sins? See especially 1 Corinthians 5:6-8, where Christ is directly called “our Passover Lamb”. In a sense then, Christ is celebrating his own death. He certainly does know where this is headed. He says to his disciples, “I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. For I tell you, I will not eat it again until it finds fulfilment in the kingdom of God.” (22:15,16)

Luke tells us how Christ and his disciples celebrated the Passover together. It was the day of Unleavened Bread when the Passover lamb was sacrificed. The Lord sends out Peter and John to make preparations for them to eat the Passover.

“Where do you want us to prepare for it?” they asked. Christ then gives them clear instructions, “As you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you.” A man carrying a jug of water is unusual; it was a woman’s job. “Follow him to the house that he enters, and say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ He will show you a large upper room, all furnished. Make preparations there.” (22:9-12) It’s almost like the events that preceded his entry into Jerusalem. The Lord here shows again that he is the undisputed Messiah, the Son of the living God. He makes his own requisitions and these are freely met.

Of course things are exactly as the Lord has said (22:9). The apostles again see his sovereignty and we are reminded of it. Also as he goes into this night, he is not subject to the whims of man, but submits himself to the will of his heavenly father.

Some explainers suggest that Jesus had the preparations made while Judas was not present so that he could not come with the police and disturb the meal. But Judas has to be at the meal and also leave it to guide the arresting party.

When the hour came to eat, Jesus and his apostles reclined at the table. It is generally assumed that Christ celebrated the Passover on Thursday night, was arrested in that night, was condemned and crucified on Friday, and was in the grave from Friday on and arose from the dead on Sunday. This means that his death indeed spanned three days.

When the Lord celebrated the Passover he also instituted the Lord’s Supper. “And he took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, ‘This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.’  In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, ‘This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.”(22:19,20)  There is some debate about the exact moment of institution (since also more than one cup was used) but the words of institution are clear. See also Mark 14:22-24. There are four accounts of the institution of the Lord’s Supper, but the similarities are more than the differences. Mark’s version is often seen as the earliest description.

There are some items in this section that we may call “sticky” points, that is, items about which there is no general agreement. One of these points is whether Judas celebrated the Lord’s Supper or not. Some suggest that Judas was at the meal, but no longer present when the Lord’s Supper was instituted. This view is most in accordance with the accounts given. It appears that Judas was at the meal, and was identified by Jesus as the betrayer but he may indeed have left before the Lord’s Supper was instituted (see also John 13:26-30). The sticky point here is how the Lord could knowingly have administered bread and wine to one who would betray him and be co-responsible for his death.

Another sticky point is which cup was designated as the Lord’s Supper cup. It seems that in all four cups were used, some even before bread was broken. The best explanation is to see the fourth cup as the one meaning the new covenant in Christ’s blood.

Another sticky point is the order in which the Lord’s Supper was instituted. Did the cup come before the bread? Or was it the other way around? It seems to me that the bread came first and then the cup, as is clearly stated in Mark 14:22-23, but the order is not of decisive significance. The early Christian church accepted the practice where the bread came before the wine.

The last point perhaps to mention here is whether the cup contained wine or (just) grape juice? Some like to translate literally, “the fruit of the vine” but to use that translation to deny that it was wine is rather far-fetched. It seems to me that wine is meant¹and wine is what has been used through the ages. Today other concerns have entered the discussion, for example, hygiene and alcoholism but these are contemporary concerns that are hardly persuasive. I don’t think that any of these points alters the meaning of the sacrament.

It is rather sad that during the Passover a dispute arose among the disciples “as to which of them was considered to be greatest.” (22:24) This battle had surfaced before and it is grievous to note that also at his last Passover, Christ was confronted with it. Did they still not understand that the calling of everyone was to serve rather than to govern?

When the Lord looks over the group of his disciples, he sees so much weakness and sin among them. He singles out Peter, one of the most exemplary disciples, but a very impulsive man whose zeal often got him into trouble, and says to him, “Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.” (22:31,32)

Peter is undeterred, “Lord, I am ready to go with you to prison and to death.” (22:32) But the Lord warns again, “I tell you, Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me.” Despite his own suffering and Peter’s coming denial, Jesus still prays for him. Christ’s prayer is answered; Peter does return to the apostles.

There is a brief discussion still on the fact that the Lord has always taken care of his disciples. They lacked nothing. The time is now coming, however, that they will have to fend for themselves. Jesus even says: if you don’t have a sword, sell your cloak, and buy one. They take a quick inventory and tell him: “See, Lord, here are two swords.”  Jesus replied: “That is enough”. The only sword they really need is the word of truth. The meal is over, and Jesus and his disciples go out to the Mount of Olives for the night.

Jesus Praying at Olivet (Gethsemane) (Luke 22:39-46)←⤒🔗

³⁹Jesus went out as usual to the Mount of Olives, and his disciples followed him.  ⁴⁰On reaching the place, he said to them, “Pray that you will not fall into temptation.” ⁴¹He withdrew about a stone’s throw beyond them, knelt down and prayed,  ⁴²“Father, if you are willing, take this cup from me; yet not my will, but yours be done.” ⁴³An angel from heaven appeared to him and strengthened him.  ⁴⁴And being in anguish, he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat was like drops of blood falling to the ground.

⁴⁵When he rose from prayer and went back to the disciples, he found them asleep, exhausted from sorrow.  ⁴⁶“Why are you sleeping?” he asked them. “Get up and pray so that you will not fall into temptation.Luke 22:39-46

It is difficult to understand the great pain and suffering which Christ experienced on Mount Olivet or Gethsemane.

It says, “On reaching the place, he said to them ‘Pray that you will not fall into temptation.’” (22:40) The Lord repeats this after he has himself finished with prayers, “‘Get up and pray so that you will not fall into temptation.’” (22:46)

What temptation is he talking about? Temptation, from the devil’s point of view, is meant to make us fall into sin. And the devil will certainly try in this night to destroy the unity of the apostles. God may allow temptation to bring out all the more clearly that he will help his children persevere. It shows how Christ is pastorally engaged, also in the terrible night.

Luke tells us a few things that the other evangelists do not mention. The Gospels do tell us that Christ in Gethsemane was in deep anguish. He did not relish the death on the cross. Now that the event has come near, he dreads it greatly. He moves away from his disciples to pray by himself, and says, “Father, if you are willing, take this cup from me; yet not my will but yours be done” (22:42). This is a prayer for strength in deep trial, in which God’s will is fully accepted. We cannot fathom his agony. What is a son without his father? He would cry out and say, “My God, My God, why have you forsaken me?” Who can understand this?

Luke does mention two matters which indicated how distressed the Lord was at this point. First, “an angel from heaven appeared to him and strengthened him.” (22:43) Here is the Lord of hosts, who can command legions of angels, but now in the hour of deepest need, receives only one angel to strengthen him. The angel did not bring a message of relief.

Second, it says, “And being in anguish, he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat was like drops of blood falling to the ground.” (22:44) Some explainers see this as a form of thrombosis with the blood coming through the skin and mixing with sweat. Others prefer to speak of a condition called hematidrosis. The word that Luke uses is an accurate medical term that says: thrombosis of blood.

We read, “When he rose from prayer and went back to the disciples, he found them asleep, exhausted from sorrow. ‘Why are you sleeping?’ he asked them. ‘Get up and pray so that you will not fall into temptation.’” (22:45,46) We may note that Christ received comfort and strength upon his prayer. His focus is again on his disciples who had fallen asleep.

They were asleep from sorrow, it says. This is an unusual expression. It means that the disciples had been very sorrowful because of Christ’s words. He had spoken of betrayal, denial, and death. Their sorrow had exhausted them. Those who have experienced deep sorrow know how exhausting it can be, mentally, spiritually, and physically.

Jesus Arrested (Luke 22:47-53)←⤒🔗

⁴⁷While he was still speaking a crowd came up, and the man who was called Judas, one of the Twelve, was leading them. He approached Jesus to kiss him, ⁴⁸but Jesus asked him, “Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?”
⁴⁹When Jesus’ followers saw what was going to happen, they said, “Lord, should we strike with our swords?”  ⁵⁰And one of them struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear.
⁵¹But Jesus answered, “No more of this!” And he touched the man’s ear and healed him.
⁵²Then Jesus said to the chief priests, the officers of the temple guard, and the elders, who had come for him, “Am I leading a rebellion, that you have come with swords and clubs? ⁵³Every day I was with you in the temple courts, and you did not lay a hand on me. But this is your hour – when darkness reigns.”Luke 22:47-53
The account of Jesus’ arrest is very simple. If the Jewish leaders had expected a major battle to erupt on Mount Olivet, they need not have been concerned. Actually, the Lord in a sense capitulates. (see Luke 22:53)

While the Lord Jesus was still speaking to his sleepy disciples, a “crowd came up, and a man who was called Judas, one of the Twelve, was leading them. He approached Jesus to kiss him, but Jesus asked him, ‘Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?’” (22:47,48)  Notice the word “but” here. Judas came forward to kiss the Lord, but Jesus asked him, “Judas, are you betraying the Sin of Man with a kiss?”

We’ll focus on the crowd in a moment, but now we should ask the question: did Judas really kiss the Lord and did Christ accept such a kiss? As Judas stepped forward, Jesus said, “Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?” (22:48). I do not think that it is clear whether Jesus allowed Judas to kiss him. It would be the ultimate form of betrayal. A kiss in this context is a greeting given to fellow believers, and may not have been accepted in this situation. Because Judas hesitated and stepped back, some conclude that he did not kiss Jesus.

However, Mark writes differently. “Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: ‘The one I kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard.’ Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, “Rabbi!” and kissed him.” (Mark 14:44,45) Matthew records something similar, “Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, ‘Greetings, Rabbi!’ and kissed him.” (Mathew 26:49). So the matter of kissing the Lord is also a bit of a sticky point.

In John 18 we read that Jesus asked, “Who is it you want?” In brackets it says that Judas the traitor had moved back to stand with the crowd. When Jesus said, “I am he”, the crowd drew back and fell to the ground.” (John 18:6)

This crowd was a mishmash of Jews and Romans. There were chief priests, officers of the temple guard, and the elders. There was also a detachment of soldiers with its commander (John 18:12). The fact that they are all in the arresting party shows that they considered the matter to be serious and urgent.

It was an armed arresting party with sword and clubs. When Jesus’ followers saw that they were going to arrest Jesus, they asked, “Lord, should we strike with our swords?” (22:49) We read that “one of them of them struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear. But Jesus answered, ‘No more of this!’ He touched the man’s ear and healed him.” (22:50,51)

It is to be noted that Christ did not allow violence at his arrest. He even performed a miracle of healing at this point. What kind of man would heal a person involved in an altercation at his arrest?

It is at this point that everyone deserted him and fled. This is worth noting. The fleeing of the disciples was not per se an act of cowardice. They did try to offer resistance. But when Jesus did not resist and forbade them to do this, they deserted him and fled. Can you understand why they deserted him? How can you rescue a man who does not want to be rescued?

Actually the Lord was somewhat perturbed that they sent an armed gang of thugs to arrest him, “Am I leading a rebellion, that you have come with swords and clubs? Every day I was with you in the temple courts, and you did not lay a hand on me. But this is your hour – when darkness reigns.” (22:52,53)

It was part of his suffering that he was arrested in the night as a violent rebel, while he always spoke peacefully, publicly and freely. There was not even a hint of rebellion in his words and teaching.

Peter Disowns Jesus (Luke 22:54-62)←↰⤒🔗

⁵⁴Then seizing him, they led him away and took him into the house of the high priest. Peter followed at a distance.  ⁵⁵But when they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and had sat down together, Peter sat down with them.  ⁵⁶A servant girl saw him seated there in the firelight. She looked closely at him and said, “This man was with him.”
⁵⁷But he denied it. “Woman, I don’t know him,” he said.
⁵⁸A little later someone else saw him and said, “You also are one of them.”
“Man, I am not!” Peter replied.
⁵⁹About an hour later another asserted, “Certainly this fellow was with him, for he is a Galilean.”
⁶⁰Peter replied, “Man, I don’t know what you’re talking about!” Just as he was speaking, the rooster crowed.  ⁶¹The Lord turned and looked straight at Peter. Then Peter remembered the word the Lord had spoken to him: “Before the rooster crows today, you will disown me three times.” ⁶²And he went outside and wept bitterly.
Luke 22:54-62

There is some difference in the accounts of Jesus’ arrest and trial. Luke tells us that Jesus was led away and taken to the house of the high priest, and we take this to mean Caiaphas, who was high priest that year. However, there were two men who alternated in the position of the high priest (see Luke 3:2). Both Annas and Caiaphas were called high priest at this time. In John 18:12 we read that Jesus was first taken to Annas, the father-in-law of Caiaphas.

We assume then that Jesus was taken from there to Caiaphas’ house, where the Sanhedrin was gathered for the official judgment.  What was the purpose of the gathering at Annas’ house? It looks like a pre-trial hearing.

The high priest, Annas, was questioning Jesus about his disciples and doctrine.

What was Annas’ concern? He asked Jesus about his disciples and doctrine. (John 18:19) It was a form of damage control. Notice what comes first. He asks the Lord: where are your disciples; who are your disciples? This high priest was trying to find out how many followers Jesus had so that these, too, could be rounded up and arrested. After all, a revolt of the people had to be prevented or immediately crushed. Already in that night all resistance had to be broken.

Jesus does not say anything about his disciples. Do not ask him to betray his own people. He may be betrayed, but he himself will not betray anyone. As for his teaching, Jesus says: why ask me? Ask those who heard me (John 18:21). Annas then sent him, still bound, to Caiaphas’ house.

It is not entirely clear when and where exactly Peter denied the Lord. Was it at Annas’ house or Caiaphas’ house? The textual evidence suggests that it was at Annas’ house. There in the courtyard was a fire burning. There also Peter sat down with the high priest’s servants and was identified three times as one of the Lord’s disciples. Peter denied it three times, every time even more vehemently.

The last time may have been very early in the morning, even before dawn, and a rooster crowed. We read that the Lord turned and looked straight at Peter. “Then Peter remembered the word the Lord had spoken to him: “Before the rooster crows today, you will disown three times”.   And he went outside and wept bitterly.” (22:61,62)

How could the Lord turn and look at Peter? It must have been when he was being brought to Caiaphas’ house to be officially condemned. He would have come through the courtyard where Peter was sitting at the fire. He looked Peter in the eye. That look pierced Peter and broke his heart.

Peter went out and wept bitterly. He felt his deed as a great sin which he placed before God.  Judas Iscariot showed remorse when he saw that Jesus was condemned to death but there is no evidence that he repented. Showing remorse is not the same as having true repentance (2 Corinthians 7:10).

The Soldiers Mock Jesus (Luke 22:63-65)←⤒🔗

⁶³The men who were guarding Jesus began mocking and beating him. ⁶⁴They blindfolded him and demanded, "Prophesy! Who hit you?" ⁶⁵And they said many other insulting things to him.Luke 22:63-65

This section tells us how Jesus was mocked by others, in this case, men who were guarding Jesus. Most explainers suggest that the Roman soldiers have gone home at this point since there was nothing left for them to do. This also explains why those guarding him could now humiliate him.

It says that they began mocking and beating him. The mockery was directed against his claim of his kingship.  They also mocked the idea that Jesus was a great prophet. Notice how this was done. They blindfolded him and demanded, “Prophesy! Who hit you?” (22:64) “And they said many other insulting things to him” (22:65).

Later we read of mockery by the Roman soldiers, but that happens after he has been condemned to death. The incident with the scarlet robe and the crown of thorns is described also in Mark 15:16-20. It is extreme mockery, adding insult to injury. Herod and his soldiers did the same later (Luke 23:11).

The mockery of the Roman soldiers with the crown of thorns was meant to ridicule the Lord and the Jews, for after all, they were having their own king crucified. Pontius Pilate will have admired this touch.

Questions←⤒🔗

1. Why did Judas betray Jesus?
2. Did Satan not know that Christ’s death would be the atoning sacrifice for our sins?  Would he not rather prevent this death than promote it?
3. Why did Jesus say that he was eager to celebrate the Passover with his disciples?
4. What is the meaning of the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper?
5. Why did the disciples carry on a dispute about who was considered the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?
6. Why did Christ prophesy about Peter’s denial?
7. What is the meaning of the “two swords” that the disciples had? Are two swords really sufficient to defend the Lord?
8. What evidence was there that Jesus was in great anguish on the Mount of Olives?
9. How was Jesus arrested? Why was the Lord offended at the way he was arrested?
10. What should be our reaction as we read about Jesus’ arrest?